Protecting Workers from the Effects of Heat

As much of the Southeast is battling record high temperatures this late Spring, NASP thought we would share with you the signs and symptoms of heat-related illnesses in an attempt to prevent future employee illness.

Heat illnesses can be categorized into 4 types: Heat Stroke, Heat Exhaustion, Heat Cramps, and Heat Rash. Knowing the signs and symptoms of heat illnesses may be the difference between life or death.

Know the Signs

1. Heat Rash

Heat Rash is the most common problem in hot work environments. Heat rash is caused by sweating and looks like a red cluster of pimples or small blisters. The best treatment for heat rash is to provide a cooler, less humid work environment and the rash area should be kept dry. Ointments and creams should not be used on a heat rash. Anything that makes the skin warm or moist may make the rash worse.

2. Heat Cramps

Heat Cramps are muscle pains usually caused by the loss of body salts and fluid during sweating. Workers with heat cramps should replace fluid loss by drinking water and/or carbohydrate-electrolyte replacement liquids (such as sports drinks) every 15-20 minutes.

3. Heat Exhaustion

Heat Exhaustion is the next most serious heat-related health problem. The signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion are headache, nausea, dizziness, weakness, irritability, confusion, thirst, heavy sweating, and a body temperature greater than 100.4^oF. Workers with heat exhaustion should be removed from the hot area and given liquids to drink. Workers with signs of heat exhaustion should be taken to a clinic or emergency room for medical evaluation and treatment.

4. Heat Stroke

Heat Stroke is the most serious heat-related health problem. Heat stroke occurs when the body’s temperature is above 104^oF. The signs of heat stroke include confusion, loss of consciousness, and seizures. Workers experiencing heat stroke have very high body temperatures and may stop sweating. If a worker shows signs of possible heat stroke, get medical help immediately, and call 911. Until help arrives, move the worker to a shady, cool area and remove as much clothing as possible. Wet the worker with cool water and circulate the air to speed cooling.

Don’t Let Heat Become a Workplace Emergency

Recognizing the signs of heat rash, cramps, exhaustion, and heat stroke is critical—but awareness alone isn’t enough. With rising temperatures and increased regulatory focus, employers must take proactive steps to assess heat hazards, implement controls, and train workers before an incident occurs.

NASP’s Heat Injury and Illness Prevention Specialist (HIIPS) course provides the tools you need to develop and implement a comprehensive Heat Injury and Illness Prevention Program (HIIPP). You’ll learn how to identify heat risks, apply effective abatement strategies, align with OSHA’s proposed national heat standard, and train employees to recognize and respond to symptoms before they escalate.

Don’t wait for a 911 call to evaluate your heat safety plan. Enroll in the HIIPS course today and protect your workforce from one of the leading weather-related causes of workplace fatalities.